Economic Analysis of Roundup-Ready Soybeans :: Agriculture Economics Essays

Economic Analysis of Roundup-Ready Soybeans In 1974, Monsanto Corporation registered the chemical glyphosate for agricultural use in the United States. Monsanto marketed glyphosate, otherwise known as Roundup, as a broad-spectrum herbicide designed to kill a wide variety of annual and perennial grasses, sedges, broad-leaf weeds, and birchen shrubs (Mendelson, 1998). Glyphosate kills such a huge assortment of plants and weeds by inhibiting the creation of EPSP synthase, an enzyme in plants that is required to synthesize the amino acid phenylalanine (Kliener, 1998). Deprived of phenylalanine, plants cannot make the proteins requirement for life, so these plants weaken and die. Since glyphosate kills nearly anything green, farmers have been forced to use Roundup as either a pre-emergence herbicide or a weed killer nigh the borders of their planting area to avoid killing their commercial crop (Sij and Stansel, 1997). Despite farmers inability to spray glyphosate directly on c onventional crops, Roundup became the best-selling weed-killer in the military personnel (Arax and Brokaw, 1997). In 1994, Roundup had net cut-rate sales of approximately 1.2 billion dollars, comprising 17 percent of Monsantos total annual sales. However, by the mid-90s, Monsanto neared the expiration date on its tangible of Roundup, and faced the possibility of losing the production rights of this cash cow. Desperately needing a new way to continue to reap profits from glyphosate, in 1996, Monsanto, through genetic engineering, introduced genetically modified Roundup-Ready crops, varieties of several commercial crops which are resistant to glyphosate. By inserting a gene derived from a petunia that produced large amounts of EPSP synthase into the genome of several popular commercial crops, Monsanto created varieties of soybeans, cotton, canola, and corn whisky which could produce enough EPSP synthase to overwhelm the EPSP inhibition caused by glyphosate (Kliener, 1998). The refore, farmers can plant the glyphosate-resistant crops and spray Roundup directly on their fields, thus destroying every weed and plant withdraw their Roundup-Ready crop. Since glyphosate-resistant crops offer the promise of a cheaper and simpler weed management process, farmers have adopted glyphosate-resistant crops at such an alarming rate that Roundup-Ready crops cover over 33 trillion acres worldwide (Mendelson, 1998). The advent of genetically engineered glyphosate-resistant crops has not only maintained but has greatly expanded Monsantos market share in the dry land of agribusiness. Since Roundup-Ready seeds are only resistant to the broad-spectrum herbicide Roundup, Monsanto sells a seasons worth of weed killer along with every Roundup Ready seed sale (Arax and Brokaw, 1997).

Meaning Of Illusions :: essays research papers

The True Meaning of Our IllusionsEvery human being has illusions. Unfortunately, the majority of the time, we ar unable to uncover their trustworthy meaning. This does non mean that our precious visionary images have no answer or meaning and that they make no sense.Our illusions ar based and composed with the perfunctory interaction that we have with our culture, personal pre-occupations and daily experiences that sometimes are hard to believe. These are constantly reflected throughout our lifes in a way that we might not be able to notice. An illusion is defined in the Microsoft Encarta 98 Encyclopedia as a false sensory perception of an actual stimulus (Encarta, par.1). This obligate is convincing us that most of our mental images are in a form of basically interrupted stories that are made up partially of our memories and wax of frequent scenes from what we encountered in our daily vitality. They can also have an integration of parts from our emotions that are constantly beat in them, if we feel depressed, in unity or loneliness. In psychological terms, illusions are consider to be a very natural process and necessary rather than being conginated as abnormal, which are sometimes known as passive illusions. This means that our mind plays with our optical visibility by projecting strange figures with a continuous persistence which are usually based on our habits, attitudes and unconscious motivations. These usual visionary spectrums are described in The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology in an article written by B. R. Bugelski asA faint and fleeting, undetailed, and partial, but some people report having vivid, detailed images. Presumably people disaccord in the strength of their imagery, and certainly the differ in scores attained on various sense areas. (210)This brief explanation tells us that our illusions are now known to be an undetermined tot of unreal images presented to the bodily of our mental vision, which is also to be a comprehension of a deceptive appearance or a false show.The human speed up is discovering something new everyday about the connotation of our visions according to The Encyclopedia Americana The Gestalt school of psychology, what we see is the result of processes of organization in the brain. Such processes are based on relationships between aspects of the stimulus, so that impressions of size, shape, color, and the like are determined not to merely by the retinal image of the object itself but by the other objects present in the field as well.

Essay --

SoftPot Rotary PotentiometerRotary potentiometer is provided at knee critical point of the exoskeleton. Whenever the patient is having intent to walk, the rotary potentiometer calculates the evaluateive torque. In response to that a feedback signal is provided to the actuation system to exert equivalent force to act with the input torque. The feedback system is externaliseed so well that it updates the status of input torque in fraction of a second and as a force exoskeleton keeps working accordingly and works well with frequent torque changes.Rotary potentiometer works on the principle of resistance change. It is provided with a very book needle/flip which chuck outs over the resistive ring. More the angle of rotation more will be the value of resistance observed between the closing and the rotating flip. It is the measured resistance that tells about the angle of rotation of the joint and torques produced. Therefore, whenever rotational movement is observed the value of res istance of the respective potentiometer is changed and the signal is feed to the controller to take proper action. This helps in maintaining the exoskeleton motion according to the suggested profile and keeping it in the right motion.The rotary potentiometer used in our proposed design is SoftPot rotary potentiometer which is a miniaturized product with slim and sleek design. It can easily be placed along the bearings of the rotary joints and gives output in price of analog electrical signals which are proportional to the angle of rotation. This sensor is very thin and compact in design with a wide range of working(a) resistances. Range of resistance change may vary between 100Ohms to 10,000Ohms also the response of this sensor is much linear therefore, the positi... ...e with a frequency rate work out by the movement. When you rotate the gyroscope, you may notice a so called Coriolis acceleration. In fact, the gyroscope is a spinner, rotating around a vertical axis, fixed in a frame which can articulate around horizontal axis, attached to another frame rotating around the third axis. Thus, we can conclude no matter how rotate a spinner, it always has an ability to remain in the upright position. The transmitters accepts the signal about the spinners orientation towards the frames, and the processor defines how the frame must be located with respect to gravity.Regardless to the types of stabilization the system, it can be the power system stabilization (used in two-stage gyroscopes), the tracer system stabilization force (also on a two-level gyroscopes) and the indicant system stabilization (in three-stage gyroscopes)..

The Validity of Cognitive Dissonance Theory Essay examples -- communic

Description of TheoryThe term dissonance refers to when one cognitive element is inconsistent with another cognitive element according to the lecture notes of professor Soreno. Cognitive elements faeces be categorized in four groups called beliefs, attitudes, values, and perceptions of behavior. Beliefs can be defined as a perception that something exists or not. This perception can range from a central or peripheral type of belief. The more central a belief is, the harder it is to change that belief. An attitude describes the positive or ostracize feelings we have toward people, things, or ideas. Values be beliefs that are so important to a person, that they practically guide a persons life. There are two types of values, instrumental and terminal. Perceptions of behavior simply refer to the interpretation of actions by another. For example, when someone waves at a person, in America, it is often perceived as a friendly gesture. When two of these cognitive elements are incongrue nt, it leads to dissonance, which can very in intensity. People often experience dissonance on a daily basis, moreover because it is so minute, it is not bothersome. The Cognitive Dissonance theory deals with these small occurrences, but for the sake of understanding, extreme examples help to explain the theory in better detail. harmonise to Festinger, all of the cognitive elements held the same value in producing cognitive dissonance, but some scholars have challenged his theory. In the book, The handbook of Motivation Science, the authors claim that attitude cognitive element holds a heavier value over the other elements by saying it can change the behavior of a person. They quote, In experimental tests of the theory, knowledge most recent behavior is usua... ...s communication studies continue, there will be more tests and conclusions on the Cognitive Dissonance theory that will reveal more almost human communication. After all, learning how we communicate with each other is how we are able to grow as a society. ReferencesHarmon-Jones, E. (2008). Cognitive Dissonance Theory. In J. Shah, W. Gardener, & V. Gardener, Handbook of Motivational Science (pp. 71-83). New York City The Guilford Press.Helwig-Larson, M., & Collins, B. (1997, April 1). A Social Psychological Perspective on the Role of Knowledge about aid in AIDS Prevention. Current Directions in Psychological Science , Vol. 6 (No. 2).Lepper, M. R., & Greene, D. (1975). Turning Play into Work Effects of Adult Surveillance and Extrinsic Rewards on Childrens Intrinsic Motivation. daybook ol Personality and Social Psychology , Vol. 31, 479-486.

Computer Crime :: essays research papers

Computer CrimeAdvances in telecommunications and in electronic figurer technology have brought us to theinformation revolution. The rapid advancement of the telephone, cable,satellite and computer networks, combined with the help of technologicalbreak dones in computer processing speed, and information storage, has lead usto the current revolution, and also the newest style of crime, "computer crime".The following information will provide you with evidence that without reasonabledoubt, computer crime is on the increase in the following argonas hackers,hardware theft, software piracy and the information highway. This informationis gat hered from expert sources such as researchers, journalists, and othersinvolved in the field.Computer crimes are frequently heard a lot about in the news. When you ask someonewhy he/she robbed banks, they world replied, "Because thats where the moneyis." Todays criminals have learned where the money is. alternatively of settlingfor a f ew thousand dollars in a bank robbery, those with enough computerknowledge can walk away from a computer crime with many millions. The NationalComputer Crimes Squad estimates that between 85 and 97 percent of computercrimes are not even detected. Fewer than 10 percent of all computer crimes arereported this is mainly because organizations fear that their employees, clients,and stockholders will lose faith in them if they admit that their computers havebeen attacked. And few of the crimes that are reported are ever solved.Hacking was once a term that was used to describe someone with a great deal ofknowledge with computers. Since then the interpretation has seriously changed. Inevery neighborhood there are criminals, so you could say that hackers are thecriminals of the computers around us. There has been a great increase in thenumber of computer break-ins since the Internet became popular.How serious is hacking? In 1989, the Computer Emergency Response Team, aorganization that moni tors computer security issues in North the States said thatthey had 132 cases involving computer break-ins. In 1994 alone they had some2,341 cases, thats almost an 1800% increase in just 5 years. An example is 31year old computer expert Kevin Mitnick that was arrested by the FBI for stealingmore then $1 million worth in data and about 20,000 credit card numbers throughthe Internet. In Vancouver, the RCMP have arrested a teenager with breakinginto a university computer network. There have been many cases of computerhacking, another one took place here in Toronto, when Adam Shiffman was chargedwith nine counts of fraudulent use of computers and eleven counts of mischief todata, this all carries a maximum sentence of 10 years in jail.

Computer Crime :: essays research papers

Computer CrimeAdvances in telecommunications and in computer technology swallow brought us to theinformation revolution. The rapid advancement of the telephone, cable,satellite and computer networks, combined with the help of technologicalbreakthroughs in computer processing speed, and information storage, has lead usto the latest revolution, and also the newest style of crime, "computer crime".The following information will provide you with evidence that without reasonabledoubt, computer crime is on the growth in the following atomic number 18as hackers,hardware theft, software piracy and the information highway. This informationis gathered from expert sources such as researchers, journalists, and othersinvolved in the field.Computer crimes are often heard a lot about in the news. When you ask someonewhy he/she robbed banks, they world replied, "Because thats where the bullionis." Todays criminals have learned where the money is. Instead of settlingfor a a coup le of(prenominal) thousand dollars in a bank robbery, those with enough computerknowledge can walk away from a computer crime with many millions. The NationalComputer Crimes Squad estimates that between 85 and 97 percent of computercrimes are not even detected. fewer than 10 percent of all computer crimes arereported this is mainly because organizations fear that their employees, clients,and stockh grey-haireders will lose faith in them if they admit that their computers havebeen attacked. And few of the crimes that are reported are ever solved.Hacking was once a term that was used to describe someone with a great deal ofknowledge with computers. Since consequently the definition has seriously changed. Inevery neighborhood there are criminals, so you could say that hackers are thecriminals of the computers around us. There has been a great accession in thenumber of computer break-ins since the Internet became popular.How serious is hacking? In 1989, the Computer Emergency Response Team, aorganization that monitors computer security issues in northward America said thatthey had 132 cases involving computer break-ins. In 1994 alone they had some2,341 cases, thats almost an 1800% increase in just 5 days. An example is 31year old computer expert Kevin Mitnick that was arrested by the FBI for stealingmore then $1 million worth in data and about 20,000 credit card amount throughthe Internet. In Vancouver, the RCMP have arrested a teenager with breakinginto a university computer network. There have been many cases of computerhacking, another one took abode here in Toronto, when Adam Shiffman was chargedwith nine counts of fraudulent use of computers and eleven counts of mischief todata, this all carries a maximum sentence of 10 years in jail.

To what extent do Contemporary Sociologists see the Modern Family as a Haven from the Outside World?

Until recently, sociological studies of the family halt concentrated upon the role of the family at heart nightclub. Contemporary sociologists nevertheless have shown an increasing interest in the emotional relationships within the family unit. This is an principal(prenominal) issue in sociology when looking at the role of the family, as the family is the only macrocosm in society providing affection and emotional support. in that location is no some other specialised unit that does this.Most sociological perspectives view the family as a oasis, compensating individuals for the harsh, roughshod and potentially psychologically damaging reality of the outside world. The view that the family is a haven is mainly from a functionalist perspective. losss agree to a lesser extent whilst feminists sure enough oppose such views. There are traditional views on the family like that of Talcott Parsons, and critics of this view who view the family as a prison, such as Morgan, and fem inist Anne Oakley. by chance the most famous theory of the family is the view held by functionalist sociologist Talcott Parsons. He argues that the family performs two roles, the primary socialisation of children, and the stabilisation of adult personalities in that locationfore agreeing with the idea that the family is a haven from the outside world. He states that people have an inborn need to be loved and cared for and now traditional communities and kinship networks of the early 20th Century have given way to isolated nuclear families, people are more dependent on the emotional support within that family unit.Other functionalists support this view. Goode, for example, sawing machine the family as universe a place where a person could be treated as an individual compensating for the stresses of a non-personal modern society. Fletcher argued that a conjugal family was important as it depended upon emotional factors such as intimacy, closeness and intensity. Although the marriag e rate is descending, the number of people choosing instead to cohabitate has increased. Few Marxists view the family as being a haven. Those that do, make a similar argument to functionalists.Hunt and Hunt, in their study panacea for Capitalism constructed the argument that love, and family, provides a panacea, a cure-all, for the harsh realities of a capitalist society. The family, being an institution that changes in response to other sections of society, would change with the development of capitalism, thus the family becomes more important to its members as capitalism develops. Dorothy Smith, also a Marxist views the family as a haven in which to be free from surveillance, a place to organise our own lives without having to follow rules laid down by individual else.Marxists who view the family as a haven argue that this is a challenge to capitalist society. The family is also viewed as a prison. Functionalist sociologist Morgan concentrated upon the dysfunctions of the family and found that two factors prevented the family from being a haven Class differences within society means those who are well off can enjoy and take full advantage of what society has to offer. Those further down the social scale often find society opposing their interests. Life ends up as a struggle, which in chip leads to stresses and strains within the family.Morgan also argued that even within the family inequalities exist. Family members have their own interests and aspirations. For whom is the family functional? asks Morgan. It is usually the male head of the household who is well served by the functions of the family. Marxists also state that the family should non have to be setn as a haven from a capitalist society, that capitalism takes creativity and affection out of society, and steals away opportunities for personal growth. Barrett and McIntosh studied this in their work The Anti-social family.They developed the concept of familialism, the ideology that the family is a small, isolated, conjugal unit where the husband is the breadwinner, the wife a domestic goddess and the children as happy, smiley and well behaved. What advertisers term the cornflake family has been ensnare upon a pedestal and advocated as the normal and proper way to live. Barrett and McIntosh argued that this could make the family a prison in that any member who does not fit in will be repressed, and that individual can in turn become psychologically damaged.Likewise, families who do not fit this ideology are seen as deviant and troublesome. Feminism tends to oppose the view of the family as a haven, choosing instead to see the family as a prison. The family is where women are oppressed and repressed. Within the family the woman is seen primarily as the housewife and mother, and in this environment men are given the control over womens sexuality and fertility. Within the family, gender roles are taught at a precise young age and this spills out into society as a whole, rein forcing gender inequalities.According to feminists, the family is where women are placed under the threat of physical and mental abomination. Anne Oakley conducted a study, The Housewife and Housework. She views the family as a prison because of the nature of housework and its lack of status. Housework is monotonous, repetitive and relentless. Its a job that goes un-rewarded, unpaid, unseen and unappreciated. Men are up to(p) to escape this routine, and children are able to escape also. Domestic labour is seen throughout society as the feminine role. Leonard looks more at the ideology of the family and how women are socialised to accept their role.Womens magazines and television programmes are all geared towards romance and domestic issues like cooking. Leonard argues that the family is a prison and completely unequal in that the husband offers the minimum level of support to his wife and children whilst she provides a lifetime of unpaid housework, years of child rearing and excl usive sexual services. Marriage therefore does not turn out anything like the romance promoted by the media. Feminism has helped highlight many issues facing women within society, but perhaps one of the biggest issues feminists have highlighted is that domestic abuse and violence.This puts more emphasis on the family being a prison because those people living within this environment are far from the safety of a haven. There has been much difficulty in researching this because many women are too afraid to speak out. In conclusion, to a large extent, functionalists view the family as a haven because it provides stabilisation of adult personalities in order to cope with day-to-day life. However, if a family is dysfunctional then this can make the family a prison.Marxists do not see why the family should be seen as a haven, but agrees that the family is a panacea from a capitalist society, and at best a challenge to capitalism. Feminists on the other hand do not view the family as a hav en in any way. They see the family as a place in which there are inequalities that cause the oppression of women. Indeed the family is also an environment that can be far from safe, where women, and children are at risk from abuse. Sociologists do recognise that families do vary and what may be seen as a haven by some may be far from the reality for others.

Greek Inspired Architecture in Boston, MA

Greek Architecture in Boston My first discovery of simple fashion designerure was make the moment I stepped outside my apartment, as my building has two Doric columns framing the front door. As I meandered over the hill and across the joint I realized exactly how prevalent classical architecture really is. Elements of classical architecture can be found on almost every building in the old residential neighborhoods and many commercial buildings feature columns and arches as well.I saw all three orders of columns, arches, and even a dome. The only architectural element I was unable to find was a iron vault. The Massachusetts State House, about half a block from my apartment, has many practice sessions of classical architecture including a large gold dome, twelve Corinthian columns, and seven arches visible from outside. The State House, which houses the state legislature and the governors offices, was built in 1798 by leading architect of the time Charles Bullfinch.The dome was or iginally made out of wood shingles but has since been sheathed in copper and covered in 23 carat gold. (http// www. Satisfaction. Gob/formalities/mischievousnesss. Asp) As far as I observed he arches and columns follow the rules of the classical orders except that the frieze higher up the columns is blank. Im not sure if the frieze above Corinthian columns is traditionally blank or not. A pioneer, which signifies the importance of the logging industry in Massachusetts, tops the dome. Http//www. Satisfaction. Gob/formalities/ mischievousnesss. Asp) I doubt this would be found on domes of the ancient world. Just as classical architecture was meant to convey power and grace in quaint Greece and Rome, Im sure Charles Bullfinch use elements are classical architecture n the design of the State House for the purpose of conveying the wealth, power, and beauty of the government and state of Massachusetts. Another building that incorporates classical elements is the Boston Museum of very well Art.The current MFC building was built in 1909. at that place are rows of ionic columns and construction that looks like post-and-lintel. In the area that would be the frieze it says Museum of Fine Arts which could probably be loosely considered a continuous frieze. It was especially interesting to me to see the post-and-lintel type openings since most alluding seem to prefer the Romans arches over the Ancient Greek post-and-lintel system. The Museum of Fine Art is another building that, due to its purpose, should convey an air of greatness.The last building I would like to use as an example is my apartment building, which was built in 1909. There are likely hundreds of residential apartment buildings in the area whose doors are flanked by a column on each side, particularly the apartments that were built in the early sass. The columns of my apartment building are of the Doric order but the abacus of each is rounded, not angular. (Strickland peg 15) There is a session but no c ornice, pediment, or any other aspect of the Doric order. At night the columns are illuminated.It is clear by the emphasis the building management places on the columned entrance that they believe it to denote a sense of wealth, greatness, or class. While the State House and MFC certainly do this, I find my building does not quite succeed. It feels that without any other of the classical elements the columns are lacking. It is particularly interesting to me how long classical architecture has been in style. It as been used for centuries on everything from prominent government buildings to much more humble residences.Architecture that was once reserved for temples and important public spaces can now be found on everything from strip malls to pharmacies. An important difference in the use of the classical architectural elements is that Ancient Greeks built in their style partly for the coherent purpose of creating a building that will stand. Today, even more so than in Ancient Rome, many aspects of the architecture are purely ornamental. Http// consistory. Schenectady. Org/temple-of-portions. HTML

African American Contributions to American History Essay

In todays society there be more people living in poverty. All across America there are different projects and reservations where the less fortunate reside. Statistics show that more often than not minorities move in these different locations. Native Americans and African Americans are devil of the more popular races living in these places. The group suffering the most in these situations is the youth.Although twain Native American and African American children living on a reservation or in the projects experience a terrible community, pretend pocket-sized to no faith, and a broken family structure, African American youth living in the projects have it worse than Native American children living on a reservation. First, genius of the most earthy living situations for less fortunate African Americans is in the projects. A project is a public living environment that is government owned. Although these buildings are government owned they are far from nice looking. Most of the buildings have no windows, are run down, dirty, and old.The governments main address is to maintain affordable housing not to make them the best looking homes in town. The projects arent a good environment for a child to be raised. Throughout these neighborhoods different gangs can be found. These gangs are built to defend the different heavenss in the projects. The gangs bring major ferocity to the area and are one of the main causes of death. At a young eld children join these gangs and are raised to be violent. Many of them decorate the buildings they are living in with graffiti expressing their gang colors, symbols, or motto.In contrast, while Native American youth also live in poor housing, the environment is safer than the projects. A reservation is an area set aside for a specific type of land use or activity, or for use by a particular group of people, mostly Native Americans. Similar to the projects, houses on a reservation are old, beat down, and dirty. The houses on a reservation are government owned as well. Although these two locations are very similar they also differ. The reservation is a safer place then the projects. On the reservation there is a couple cases of mild violence but they arent as severe as the violence in the projects.Therefore, the reservations environment is a better environment than the projects. Secondly, many of the young people have no faith evolution up in the projects. A lot of them cogitate their only way out of the projects is to become a basketball or football player or to become a top selling rap artist. At as young as sixteen years of age most African American males end up in jail, deceased, or selling drugs. A lot of them are also lead to believe that if they foundert do what every other man on the streets is doing, then they wont make it anywhere in life.On the reservation the kids believe their only way out is to become NBA players or powwowers. Powwowers are traditional Native American cheerleaders or dan cers. Much same the African Americans growing up in the projects, the life expectancy rate for those living on a reservation is in the mid forties. Considering that both of these locations are in the fall in States mid forties is very young of age. Many of these people dont live very long because they dont have liberal money to take care of themselves as well as their families. They also arent able to live a healthy lifestyle which shortens their days.Death is common in the two locations which leaves these two young groups wondering whats beyond the age forty. Lastly, family structure is very important in a household. In the projects many of the homes lack a very strong family structure. Children growing up in the projects nine propagation out of ten dont have both parents in the home. Most of them are drug dealers, alcoholics, prostitutes, or doing any and everything to try and provide for the child. Although these parents are trying to provide for their children a lot of the t ime they are also on welfare.Moreover, these childrens parents arent ever around, they nightimes go days without having anything to eat. Many of the young men follow after the footsteps of their father, older brother, or uncles which is why this cycle has continued for so long. Native Americans typically stick together as a unit. According to Sherman Alexie, an award winning author who grew up on a reservation, Native American children are taught to be suspicious of Caucasian people. Native Americans teach this to their children because there are many people in America that are against minorities and believe that just because they are the majority theyre better. A lot of the parents on a reservation go from telephone line to job not being able to keep one job for a long period of time. Many of these parents are also alcoholics. On the other hand, some of these families on these reservations are very family oriented unlike the African American families in the projects. These Native American families have up to seventeen family members living in one house. They keep their families very close and are very supportive of one another rather then being against each other like African Americans.The parents watch over their children to make sure they dont go down the wrong path in life. Although these families are experiencing hard times they cheer each other up and manage to smile every once in a while. Therefore, the Native Americans family structure is stronger then African Americans. In conclusion, Native American youth living on a reservation have it better then African American youth living in the projects. Both of these minorities are going through some hardships. From alcoholic parents to not having anything to eat they both are suffering as young children.Native American families provide a safer living environment, work harder, and look after one another, where as African Americans are against one another, on the streets all day, and are powerfully associate d with violence. As the years go on these families are hoping that the government will separate people in the projects and those living on reservations and provide them both with a better living situation. If these environments are separated the United States will be one step closer to eliminating violence in America.

In Africa, AIDS Has a Woman’s Face

The article In Africa, support Has a Womans Face is about how women in rural Africa play a big grapheme in the all around living of their families and how AIDS and H. I. V. is affecting it. What would be the outcome of Africas future if woman were no longer able to lead the same duties because of the AIDS epidemic? One of the main things is that woman in Africa ar the back bone to the families and communities in general. Women ar the ones that make all the closing and do the agricultural work. As we could say it, they argon the ones that keep society going.There are many strengths in this income is coming in because of the agricultural and families are healthier for that. The author states, When women are fully involved, the benefits can be seen immediately Families are healthier they are better fed their income, savings, and reinvestments go up (Annan 307). scarce the same way we can see there are strengths, there is also a weakness. Most of the hoi polloi that get affected by AIDS and H. I. V. are women.The author states, A fall in Nations report released last month shows that women now make up 50 percent of those infected with H. I. V. orldwide- and in Africa that account is now 59 percent (Annan 307). This just means that we need to help them women especially in the prevention of H. I. V. and AIDS. From personal experiences I strongly believe women are the backbone in any family. For example, I take care of feeding my husband and children as well as the women in this article. As Annan writes, Women were the ones who found election foods that could sustain their children in time of drought (308). In my case, that is something I tend to do when money is tight. Educating my children in the best way possible, it is one of the things that I request for over and over.Even that I am constantly letting them know what is right from wrong, as well as inculcating our cultural Hispanic habits. Annan states, The recent United Nations report shows that H. I. V. infection rates in Uganda continue to decline (309). This means not only at that particular place, but in many disparate throughout Africa. That just shows how parents and teachers are getting more involved in the education of prevention of AIDS and H. I. V. I strongly believe that the women in Africa are an essential part of living and life. In Africa, women are the ones that keep everything going for a living.I totally agree with the author on educating the children the different ship canal of prevention for such a bad infection like it is AIDS and H. I. V. My husband donates directly out from his check to the AIDS foundation. Because I believe people should be educated on diseases and preventions. Women also are the ones that in most cases keep the families together as I do for mine. Many of the things I take in on this article like how women are the core of a family in Africa to the education and prevention of AIDS and H. I. V. All these things are what we need to help on, so that Africas future wont look much more affected and dark.

Behavioral scientists Essay

Gang violence is a social phenomenon that has caught the interests of airal scientists, psychologists and another(prenominal) related fields. At the forefront is the fact that familys are social groups that incur exclusive rules and strict codes of brotherhood which deal actually provide the need for belongingness and association as well as security in the harsh life in the city streets. Surprisingly, gangs have been associated with violence for the longest time, the term gang is already perceived as negative and that at present, gang is synonymous to violence, criminal acts and substance abuse.People join gangs for various reasons but it has been found that adolescents who have been victims of abuse, have dysfunctional family systems, school drop-outs and those in foster care generally join gangs more than the normal teenager. Thus, the final project is geared towards bringing about behavior change for adolescents at risk of joining gangs and or has a tendency for violence. Be fore drawing up a concrete behavior change program, it is authorised to examine how this could be brought about by factors like demand and ethnical awareness.Motivating people to change is not an easy feat, generally, if a person is repose in his/her ways, then asking them to change something that they do not perceive to be evil or negative is a futile act. Central to the fancy of need is that the goal offered to the individual must be meaningful to him/her, one that is person-to-personly desired and can be owned as a personal decision. This is where choice come ons in, when a person is confronted with a choice his/her reaction to it depends on their circumstances and present state of mind (Iyengar & Lepper, 1999).In this context, choosing to change their behavior should come from their internal desire to change, to become better and to be removed from their present difficulties. For example, if the behavior that is targeted to be modified is expressions of anger, it makes se nse to the person to change this if he/she can realize that his/her actions hurt other people and that it also causes people to avoid them and hence lead to feelings of isolation and loneliness.Gangs are often formed around cultural groups, that is one gang can be comprised of Latinos, others are blacks, and others Asians and or whites. Thus, a program for behavior change should also consider the different cultural underpinnings of the gang and its members, if the gang is made up of black Americans, then asking them to join a program geared towards changing them, might be construed as culturally motivated, they have to be changed because they are blacks.There is much emotionality when it comes to culturally specific gangs and it cannot be denied that emotion may get in the way of move in a program that is designed to change them (Markus & Kitayama, 1991) Motivation is also said to be affected by culture, one has to be able to properly identify the cultural background of the gang o r the participants of the project so as to provide a more culturally relevant and sensitive program.Lastly, motivation can be defined as adscititious and intrinsic, it has been generally accepted that intrinsic motivation is more positive, more important and influential than extrinsic motivation thusly the behavior change program should appeal to the intrinsic motivation of the participants.Intrinsic motivation is the feelings and behavior that drives the person to act in a true way or to commit to a behavior change program. Internal means that it is something personal and valued by the person, it can be the desire for self-awareness, federal agency and achievement, whereas extrinsic motivations are physical and tangible like prestige, money and awards (Sansone & Harackiewicz, 2000).The behavior change program should be designed to spark the intrinsic motivation of the participants, thus conducting an orientation seminar will introduce the participant to the program and letting them experience how good it is to be able to know who they are, to know that they mattered and someone cared for them would facilitate rapport and trust between the researcher and the participant. If the concepts of choice, culture and motivation will be adequately examined and integrated into the planned program, then surely the project would be a success.ReferencesIyengar, S. & Lepper, M. (1999). Rethinking the role of choice A cultural perspective on intrinsic motivation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76, 349-366. Markus, H. & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and self Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98, 224-253. Sansone, C. & Harackiewicz, J. (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation The search for optimal motivation and performance. San Diego Academic Press.

Case study: Issues in alignment of organizational strategies

Case study Issues in alignment of organizational strategies and HER strategies Table of Contents Introduction Questions and answers scalawag 3 A Shaky bridge (An incertain plan) 4 Conclusions References 5 6 The advent of globalization has diversified the written report force and increased its cultural differences in many companies across the globe. Publication of information on these trends has led to calls for effective management of miscellany in organizations, and observers have advised that unless corporation uprise managing form, they will find themselves at a competitive disadvantage (Copeland 1988 Nelson 1988 Schmidt, 1988).Moreover, invoking what might be termed the Value-in- diversity hypothesis, some writers have stated that, when properly used, cultural diversity in the reverse forces bring value to the organization and ultimately improves their performance. They have emphasized that managing diversity is an economic issue as well as effective & social concern. (C opeland, 1988 Cox& Blake, 1991 Est., 1988 Soda & Bailer, 1983) The case is about SAA pharmacy Limited, a Malaysian company started by Mr.. Uruguayan an Indo-Malaysian in 1991.The SAA Pharmacy limited soured on the alliance and merchandise with Stop and shop which is an existing apartment store in various cities in Malaysia in the earlier days. Mr.. Uruguayan strategically recruited HER from Australia, raw(a) Zealand, India, Philippines and Malaysia based on cost of employees and skills available. Employees from Australia and New Zealand ar at strategic positions, Indians in second level of pecking order, Philippines are appointed as pharmacist and split up managers, and finally Malaysian in equal positions of Philippines.The company provides salaries incentives etc. Based on hierarchy and national expatriate basis. Despite of neo HER techniques applied by the CEO, employees room different nationalities felt discriminated. So, a work force with diversified nationalities and a l evel of cultural differences resulting in issues is the case about. Questions and answers 1) What is the misalignment among company strategies, HER strategies and cultural issues? A) Mr.. Uruguayan strategically employed people from various countries based on cost of employees and skills available from various countries.It is also mentioned in the case study that Mr.. Uruguayan adapts about modern techniques of Human resource management. When the employees feels like there is a discrimination on ultra and nationality, management should have the authorisation to bring out the exceed from the employees and end discrimination and be ethical. When the work is almost Company policy is to pay employees on their designation as mentioned in the case study, so jibe to the skill set and experience all the nationality employees should be given luck to take responsibility.This will also reduce the cost since employees from other nations can be replaced by local employees with selfsame(pren ominal) skill set and experience. 2) Can you identify any chore in sourcing the employees from different countries? A) The company provides salaries incentives etc. N hierarchy and national expatriate basis. This led to a feeling of discrimination among the employees from Malaysia and Philippines The employees of Malaysia, particularly pharmacists, feel that they r discriminated and paid less even though they do the same Job like the pharmacists from Philippines.On the other hand, Philippines have a strong feeling that they are also discriminated against Indian employees. They contribute the lions share of profit to the company as pharmacists. While all the other employees believe that salaries are non based on the nationality of the employees, but based on the significance of duties. Mr.. Arranging despite of the modern HER techniques that he uses, couldnt have this problem formd. 3) What would be the possible measure to solve the problem of the company? A) The following measure s can be taken to solve the problem Mr..Arranging should make the employees check that all the departments and functions of the organization are equally important. SSP should hire more local employees with required skill sets in better designations. Care should be taken regarding employee motivation with some awards and rewards for the employees with best performances. Promotions and hikes should be considered with respect to the experience of the employees. Shaky bridge Mr.. Arranging started the company in 1991 implies that he has very approximate experience in recruiting human resource.There is no need for him to cross any shaky bridges and can cover the alignment issue in the work force. Motivating the employees to be more focused on their Job is an option but the fact remains the same that cultural differences will exists. Moreover, increasing incentives, hikes in salaries etc will increase the cost for the company. Considering the ability of MR.. Arranging to recruit, SAA p harmacy can play a gamble with the employees which might work in their favor to solve the issue. Case study mentions that the employees are concerned about the differences in their nationality and salaries of other employees.This is a clear indication that the employees are not completely focused. Every employee should work under common interest of the organization. Salary differences should not be a problem for the employees as they have to understand it increases the attractiveness of the company to recruit globally. So, from he given situation, the following questions arise 1) Is SAA Pharmacy limited paying to international employees more when they can have local employees with same skill set for a lower expense? 2) Promotions, hikes etc. Used for next quarter? 3) Can SAA Pharmacy take an advantage of the differences in the work force?In the work force, Mr.. Arranging will have employees that are creating the issue and employees that get influences by such employees. Depending on the performance of the employees Mr.. Arranging can lay off a few employees and increase the responsibilities of the other employees. This will make the employees more focused on their Jobs and stop poking their noses in other employees affairs. Employees complaining that the company is not reaching their expectation, the company can turn the tables by increasing the expectations on the employees. As Mr..Arranging has good communication with the employees he can clearly mention this an opportunity to prove their skills and worth to get more benefits. If possible, company can mix and match the responsibilities of the employees and can conduct training programs to improve the skill set. Training programs for the employees to cargo hold different responsibilities will not only improve the skill set of the employees but as he employees get to know the other employees Job, they will understand that lions and deer are equally important in a food chain. Applying this inter vary can be a success or a trouble depending on the skill of Mr..Arranging and the level of commitment and efforts of the employees. Mr.. Arranging should lead them with an example by increasing his interaction with the employees and show that he is working as seriously as all the other employees are. If the change is a success and the employees manage to reach the expectations then the company can give the promised benefits which can be equilibrate by other international employees as he company has local employees with the skill set and no long-acting need services of the international employees. If the change applied is a failure, at the very first alarm, Mr..Arranging should line up employees to balance the work force. In this case, it will be practically proven that the employees are not as worthy as they claim to be. Getting back the former employees will also increase the good will of the company. This is an unguarded change that can solve the issue and the company can choose not to ta ke the risk. But crossing a shaking bridge is always uncertain and its completely Mr.. Remonstrants call since a person dont know what lies ahead of the bridge. Conclusion In the workplace, and from a business perspective, having a diverse workforce is no longer a question.The world is interconnected and due to the huge advances in international travel and communication, people easily move and work across borders. Humans and the potential they possess drive an organization. The advantages of a diversified work force like Innovation, talent pools etc will be effective when issues like conflicts, disunity, bureaucracy etc are handle effectively. This can be assured by considering the following points 1 . Recognize & welcome cultural differences 2. Adapt to new hires instead of enforcing the traditional corporate last on them 3. Communicate and understand differences 4.Be attentive to verbal and nonverbal cues that might indicate or create tension 5. And customers gained or lost. We s hould always question and campaign the purpose of things and see if indeed the diversity policy or programmer is creating the results that is expected. Perhaps the diversity initiative is compromising the business performance. That doesnt mean to scrap diversity altogether but it might mean to go back to the drawing board and re-think the approach. References Copeland, L. 1988. Valuing diversity Making the most of cultural differences at the workplace.

Multinational Enterprise Structures the Economy

A major player in the international political economy is the multinational club or multinational enterprise as these structures of economy atomic number 18 commonly referred to. These are business or firms that hold offices and/or major production facilities in two or more diametrical countries. The multinational corporation therefore is any business whether private or public that extends its production facilities or embarks in huge investments in capital across national boundaries.Since the end of World War II, the dominate western countries of Europe and the United States have long been the main headquarters of these multinational corporations, while the lesser developed nations of the military personnel have been the sites for these corporations subsidiary markets and production facilities. On the subject matter of these multinational corporations, there exist two preeminent sources for the political attainment student in international political economics.The first is Richar d Caves, whose article The Multinational Enterprise as an Economic Organization explains the creation and existence of the multinational corporations as a facility to more easily transport capital across international borders. The other source Osvaldo Sunkel, in his article Big Business and Dependencia A Latin American View believes the multinational corporations have been a major political, economic and social boundary to pure economic growth in Latin America and has put a strangle hold on their own attempts to enter the global market.Richard Caves viewpoint is that multinational corporations act as a facilitator to the vogue and trade of the hard to price assets of a multinational firm. Specifically in terms of business and trade, there are manufactured goods, which are easy to sustain across international boundaries essentially. Yet, within the market there are many circumstances where transactions are hard to impossible to complete due to the markets efficacy to establish a f air price on certain assets.The reason for this inability is not due to the nature of the economy mind you, it is that these assets are non-physical. Assets much(prenominal) as patents and copyrights, the new technologies that arise from them and managerial expertise are all assets that cross international boundaries. According to Caves, the multinational corporation is in existence to fall upon these assets across international borders. The multinational corporation in this process takes on three different models according to Caves.The first is a multi-plant firm that produces the same goods in several geographically different locations. This is the static model of horizontal multi-plant enterprise as Caves refers to it. It is the most thoroughly basic kind of Multinational Corporation. The factories abroad are controlled under common management, and are run and operated in the most cost effective locations of production. In most cases of the horizontal multi-plant enterprise, th e products or their effects are mobile betwixt national markets.This horizontal enterprise will produce goods that may deprecate but will not have a short purport span of productivity. The second model is the vertically integrated multinational enterprise this is a corporation wherein the push throughputs of the corporations plants serve as inputs to another of the corporations plants. This is used in most cases to reduce the cost of production of certain goods. Semiconductors for example are made by the advanced technicians in super industrialized countries, while the process of soldering the wires and boards of the conductors can be done in a lower-wage country.The third type of multinational firm is the diversified corporation, which is a company whose plants inputs and outputs are neither horizontally nor vertically related. The reason for the creation of this firm is the multinational corporations bid to increase the diversification of the corporations interests abroad. T his is done to increase the viability of a company, whether it is to inflate stock prices or some other arbitrary goal of the corporation.This view is quite different than the view of Osvaldo Sunkel, in his article Big Business and Dependencia A Latin American View Sunkel brings to light the idea of Dependencia Which is the control of Latin American markets by United States and European multinational corporations. This control of Latin American industry for well over 200 years by the US and Europe has radically altered the socio-economic maturement of this region. And has added to the dispensation of their current markets since the 1930s, which has led to an economic stagnation for many Latin American countries.Sunkel brings to light several points that show how the multinational corporations, be them Horizontal or Vertical. How these corporations do not benefit the country that houses the subsidiary, moreover the corporations home country benefits many times over than the exploite d country. Sunkels argument is in truth clear the very infrastructure of the Latin American economy is based on a hierarchy, whereas the shopping mall nations of the worlds economy use their strong positions to exploit the weaker economies.Robert Gilpin refers to this as Structuralism it is a major school of thought in international political economy. This theory of Dependencia causes many socio-political, and socio-economical problems in the Latin American countries. Sunkel states that when the more goodish United States placed increasingly manufacturing complexes in Latin America the local centers of production were either swallowed by the larger company or put out of business by the lower prices of giant conglomerate. This led to the up to nowtual decrease in exporting that benefited the local market.Sunkel, makes this point very clear that the trade between the core nations and Latin American never left exploitation not unlike the colonialism of 200 years ago. Whereas Europe used to subvert the local nation and exploit the natural resources, the core nations now use the large corporations to do this instead. A bulk of Latin American trade has been replaced with this intra-firm/corporation transfer of products. It benefits the core nation even more, because not only does a bulk of the product or material go to the corporations home country, but withal the majority of the profit follows the same line.This lack of real trade and a concentration of wealth in the core nations have made the Latin countries even more tied to the elite through huge loans and aid from the IMF and World Bank. Caves and Sunkel share very different mindsets, while Caves believes that the multinational corporation extends the scope of the world economy. Sunkel believes that it exploits the Latin American market, by reducing the capitol in the working class and middle class the corporations take capitol from the local economy that could be used to improve the social condition.

Research Paper on Illegal Immigration Essay

black-market in-migration has become a huge issue in the unite States, it is estimated that on that point ar about twelve meg under-the-counter immigrants living in the U. S. today and that outcome is growing self-aggrandisingr every day. This issue has rund multiple social, scotch, safety, and law issues within the landed estate. The state and federal governing is using billions of dollars on things such(prenominal) as school, welfare, and medical and receiving minimal or no money in return simply because they are giving out the money to iniquitous immigrants who do non carry taxes to help fund things.Even though ineligible immigrants help the economy, take low salaried troubles, and correct the over only image of America, the U. S. must not allow any persons who arrive this country illegitimately to run in this country because, the illegal immigrants create social, economic, safety, and law issues for the country. The joined States has a long history of immigra tion from different countries. People first started immigrating to the U. S. in around the year 1815. Between the year 1815 and 1915 it is estimated that thirty million Europeans arrived into the United States (Willis par. 1).Once peck started immigrating to this country is when the conundrums started to begin regarding illegal immigration. People of the time wanted to shrink into, and be a part of this country they just did not want to do it the correct way. Charles Willis stated, During the large wave of immigration the U. S. limited the number of people allowed to enter the U. S. , and a certain amount from individually country. However the door was left open for Mexi stick outs, who even then were desired by employers for their cheap labor.As history would show, this legal immigration led to illegal immigration (par. ). This is when illegal immigration is believed to have begun. Furthermore, on that point are more facts in history about illegal immigration taking place. Fo r modelling, a L. A. time story from April 1926 noted that many of the ranch workers in Californias Imperial Valley entered the U. S. lawlessly without brooking the fee or passing the literacy test (Gheen par. 6). Because of all the immigration, both legal and illegal, the political relation indispensable to do something to be able to affirm what was going on, therefore betwixt 1882 and 1917 the U. S. giving medication introduced laws regulating immigration. immigration legal and illegal did not just occur in history, but is a current topic in the United States today. Illegal immigration has become a larger problem in ripe times than it ever was in the history of this country. It is estimated that there are twelve million total illegal immigrants residing in the United States (Miller 11). It is in like manner estimated that 1 to 1. 5 million immigrants enter the U. S. each year, and of that million 850,000 people are believed to be illegal (Miller 12). all the people ent ering the country illegally can cause an abundance of problems.There are only if a certain number of immigrants allowed into the country each year. All the people coming to the country illegally count as part of that number. The illegal immigrants that come to this country take up spots for immigrants that want to come here the legal way. That is not the only problem they cause either. Illegal immigrants use up government expenditures. According to William Gheen, Undocumented workers do not largely pay income taxes but do use schools and government serve, they are seen as a drain on government spending (par. 8).Illegal immigrants also take up jobs that legal citizens of this country may urgently need that job. This country has been going through times where it has been hard for people to find jobs, if illegal immigrants had not taken some of these jobs it would have been easier for the citizens of this country to find a job. Illegal immigration is still a problem in modern times. Even though there are many bad aspects to illegal immigration there are also some positive sides of it. Although illegal immigration has negative aspects, it also has some positive aspects as well. For example, illegal immigrants help the economy.The money that illegal immigrants spend on goods and services in their local communities and around the state, reverberates throughout the whole economy, creates more jobs, more spending and more revenue, the economic benefit far outweighs any cost on the fiscal side (Gheen par. 12). A 2007 get on immigrants in Arkansas found that the total economic impact of Arkansas one hundred thousand, cardinal one percent undocumented, on the state economy is nearly three billion dollars (Willis par. 5). Texas comptroller study found that the one million four hundred thousand undocumented immigrants living in Texas in 2005 contributed 17. billion dollars to the state economy (Willis par. 5). Illegal immigrants also take low paying jobs.Most American s do not like to wash dishes, bust tables, and mop floors, but those are jobs that need to be done. Employers continuously have trouble finding regular employees to do that kind of work, which is also usually low paying. Americans are not willing to work them whereas the illegal immigrants are. When businesses have trouble filling positions of low skill jobs they only have two choices, raise the wage rate eminent enough to fill jobs or overstep positions (Gheen par. 4). Businesses must then raise the prices of their items to make up the difference. Higher prices that the customers of those businesses will end up paying for.Illegal immigration also improves the overall image of America. No other country in the area has the variety of races, religions, and cultures as America does. America brings together all sorts of different people around the world. miscellanea in a country brings less prejudice against people and helps to introduce new ideas, perspectives, music, food, enter tainment, strengths and skills.Other countries do not have a good image of Americans, allowing them to see all the good things this country has to commotion helps Americas overall image (Willis par. 7). There are multiple positive aspects to illegal immigration. Even though there are some positive things about illegal immigration there are still often of negative aspects as well. Illegal immigration brings lots of problems to this country. Firstly, illegal immigration allows more opportunities for terrorists, drug deals, and criminals to enter the country. When people come into the country illegally police cannot monitor what is universe brought into our country.They cannot do a soil check to see if any persons who come have criminal records or could pose a voltage threat to the country. Illegal immigration is linked to drug smuggling, murder, and other crimes which threaten the safety of Americans. Jim Kouri said, In the cosmos study of 55,322 illegal aliens, researchers foun d that all together they were arrested at least 459,614 times, averaging eight arrests per illegal alien. virtually all had more than one arrest. Thirty eight percent, about 20 one thousand had between two and five arrests.Thirty two percent, about eighteen thousand, had between six and ten arrests, and twenty six percent, about fifteen thousand, had eleven or more arrests (par. 11). Illegal immigrants commit multitudes of crimes which make the city or the area they are living in unsafe for the citizens in that city. Secondly, Illegal immigrants consume high amounts of government resources. Most illegal aliens occupy low income employment and are more affected by downturns of the economy, which in turn puts them into welfare services which the government pays for.Undocumented workers do not usually pay income taxes but use government services, these people are seen as a drain in government spending. The government spends one hundred and thirteen billion dollars on outlays for ser vices and benefits for illegal aliens and their families (Morrow 137). Education for children of illegal aliens represents the single largest expenditure at an annual cost of fifty two billion dollars, which is nearly all payed for by the state and local government (Morrow 138).Illegal immigrants also take up low income slow jobs for less skilled Americans. U. S. itizens receive less job opportunities because they have to compete with illegal aliens. The U. S. citizens pay O.K. the government resources they use by paying taxes, whereas the illegal aliens do not refund the government there money. That is another reason the government should not allow any illegal immigrant to stay in this country. The conk out reason why the government should not allow illegal immigrants to stay in this country is they countenance more illegal aliens to enter the country. Once a couple people are here illegally they will often try to bring their family over to the country as well.It has been said that, Immigration has a chain effect, in which people move to the U. S. , acquire legal status and later bring in more family members either legally or illegally (Miller 18). People entering the country illegally and being allowed to stay here without any repercussions encourages more people to do the same. Failure to punish illegal act encourages more illegal activity, emboldens crimes, breeds public cynicism, and discourages others from obeying laws (Miller 19). Illegal activity unpunished threatens American values of law and ordination. Illegal aliens abuse the generosity and compassion of the American people.Illegal immigration brings nothing but bad things to America. The United States government needs to overcome the problem of illegal immigration. Although there are some good aspects to it such as the illegal aliens will take unwanted low paying jobs that Americans will not work, and how diversity and acceptance of different types of people improve the overall image of Amer ica the negatives simply outweigh the positives. For example the illegal aliens can bring whatever they want into the country without anyone knowing what they brought or their background which can potentially pose a threat to American Citizens.Illegal immigrants are a drain of government money because they typically do not pay taxes which pays for all the services they use. They take away job opportunities for Americans to have, and by coming into the country it encourages other people to try to sneak into the country illegally. In order to stop illegal immigration from continuing, the government needs to put more people onto border control so they can monitor and stop more illegal aliens from entering our country.

Cumberland Metal Industries

In January of 1980, Cumberland Metal Industries (CMI) had developed a unfermented intersection point for the upsurge driving industry. Its new magnify, made of tightly curled metal, had the potential to break into an industry where little or no revolution was taking place. The CMI product testing showed great efficiency gains over the current standard as beaveros product. The existing contender consisted of small firms, few of which had the knowledge or resources to design and develop new products. CMI seemed on the verge of sequence out into a new merchandise, where its product would be the technological front-runner.It now needed to show its customers the place its product would provide, and bell its new product accordingly. Without any consideration to potential savings realized in the charge of the product, the CMI pad provides additional rank to the customer in two ways, time and safety. Using asbestos pads, a pile comer was able to drive approximately 150-160 feet per hour. Using the CMI pads, the same pile driver was able to drive 200 feet per hour. Additionally, the CMI pads never went above a temperature of 250oF, which allowed them to be handled almost immediately.This increase in speed and resilience accounted for a productivity increase of 33% faster driving time. With regards to safety, the CMI pad alleviates any health approximate concerns, which many utilizationers were starting to feel towards the asbestos pads. This in the long run could save the customer significant specie in healthcare costs and legal fees, should asbestos be proven to cause health concerns. The primary gull commercialise for the CMI pad would be the Engineering/Construction contractors and Independent pile-driving contractors.These two categories would benefit the most from a lower cost alternative to asbestos, as sound as from the time and safety efficiencies. The secondary mastermind market would be the Pile Hammer Distributors and Renting companies. T his category may be less have to the CMI pads, as the efficiencies realized by the contractors could translate into lost revenues due to fewer pads beingness needed and equipment being returned early. Part of the promotional aspect of this product launch should focus on the industry subject military issue experts, the Pile Hammer Manufacturers, and the Architectural/Consulting Engineers.While these groups would not directly purchase this product, their notions and specifications would be influential to the fanny markets. CMI had already submitted its pad for testing to Professor R. Stephen McCormack of Pennsylvania A&M University, who is well respected in the pile-driving field. While his results are not available, early indications are that his findings will be favorable. Should that be the case, CMI should promote these findings to the manufacturers and engineers, and work with them to have the CMI pads legitimized as a viable pickaxe within the industry.In deciding where to set the price on the new pads, CMI must first review its manufacturing costs, as well as determine the economic value its product would bring to its clients. The projected manufacturing costs are outlined in Table 1, with one option showing the costs using existing equipment, and the other showing the costs with a $50,000 framement in new permanent tooling equipment. Table 1 pic As is shown in Table 1, the permanent tooling reduces manufacturing costs by 53%. CMI would have to sell 633 units to break even on the initial $50,000 investment, however in my opinion I believe this is well worth it.By lowering its manufacturing costs, CMI can increase its margins, as well as increase its maneuverability with the product price. I will therefore base my pricing finality on the assumption that CMI invested in the permanent tooling equipment. CMI senior management has indicated that they are looking to receive a 50% margin on this product. Therefore, the minimum price option to be consider ed is $138. 36 per pad. Part of CMIs product testing included providing the pads to two responsible contractors, Colerick Foundation Company and Fazio Construction, for them to test against the asbestos pads in work conditions.From the Colerick test, we wise to(p) that the contractor would have needed 480 asbestos pads, at a total cost of $1,000, to complete the job. In comparison, only 6 CMI pads would have been required. Therefore, in this situation, the exact like price per the job costs for a CMI pad to an asbestos pad would be ($1,000/6) $166. 66 per pad. The total number of feet for the job was 15,000, and from the test results we learned that the asbestos pads finaled for 31. 25 feet of pile driving, while the CMI pads lasted for 2,500. This translates into 80 asbestos pads needed for everyone one CMI pad.The average price of an asbestos pad is $3. 00 therefore the value to the contractor of a CMI pad would be (80 x $3) $240. In the Fazio test, the contractor would have u sed 600 asbestos pads, at a total job cost of $2,000. Again, in comparison, only 5 CMI pads would have been needed. In this instance, the comparable price of a CMI pad would be ($2,000/5) $400 per pad. The total number of feet for this job was 12,000, and from these test results we learned that the asbestos pads lasted for 20 feet of pile driving, while the CMI pads lasted for 2,400.In this example, 120 asbestos pads would be needed for every one CMI pad. The value of a CMI pad to this contractor would be (120 x $3) $360. While these results vary somewhat, they clearly show that the CMI pads last significantly longer than the current asbestos pads. For the purpose of determining price, I will extrapolate from the findings that a CMI pad lasts for 2,500 feet of pile driving, while an asbestos pad last for 25 feet of pile driving. Therefore, the value of one CMI pad to a contractor is comparable to 100 asbestos pads.Given the asbestos price of $3. 00 per pad, the dollar value of a CMI pad to a contractor is $300 per pad. Because CMI is the first to enter the market, with relatively weak competition, and protection from a patent, I urge on a skimming pricing strategy, with a focus on customer value. As a result, I would price the CMI pad at $162 per pad to our distributors, with an MSRP of $270. This would allow the distributors to market the product at a 10% price discount over asbestos, as well as the 33% increase in time productivity, and achieve a 40% margin.Due to the limited initial manufacturing volume of 250 pads per month, I believe the best course of action is to maximize possible revenue on each pad, rather than try for market penetration. The price of $162 would provide CMI a margin of 57. 5%, which exceeds the requirement of senior management, and would allow the company to invest in future research and development, or perhaps an advertising program should it wish to increase market share in the future.

Minimally Processed Fruits and Vegetables

Minimal touch on is defined to embarrass all unit trading operations such as washing, sorting, trimming, puling, slicing, coring etc. The purpose of minimal touch on is to deliver to the consumer a like pert with an extended self life whilst ensuring food in effect(p)ty and maintaining sound nutritional and sensory quality i. e. at least 7 days domestic role and 7-15 days for overseas consumption. Minimally touch products argon also called unspoiled cuts, semi-processed, ready cut and unspoilt processed.This increasing popularity of minimally processed fruits and vegetables has been attributed to the health benefits associated with fresh produce, combining with the opening consumer trend towards eating out and consuming ready to eat foods. The minimally impact industries was initially developed to supply hotels, restaurants, catering services and other institutions more recently it was expanded to include foods retailers for home consumption. Most popular in USA. In 1998 t he sale volume is near about $ 6 billion.Consumer trends argon changing and high quality foods with fresh like attribute are demanded. Consequently slight extreme treatment and for additives are being required. Within a wider and modern concept of minimal processing some food characteristics are identified that must be attained in response to consumer demands. These are less heat and chilled damaged, fresh appearance and less acid, solt, sugar and fat. To satisfy this demands some changes or step-down in the traditionally used preservation techniques must be achieved.For this reason we are concerned to bawl out about this topic. ? SOME MINIMALLY PROCESSED PRODUCTS pic pic pic pic pic pic pic pic pic pic pic pic ? PYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES Minimally processed fruits and vegetables are more perishable than fresh as a consequence of tissue damage resulting from processing operation.Wounding, in fact, leads to an increase in cellular respiration activity and ethylene production rate, a lters metabolic activity, reduces shelf-life, increases the rate of nutritional and sensory attributes breakdown and leads to browning of tissues. The greater the degree of processing, the wounding response. Mechanical damages, in addition may enhance susceptibility to decay and befoulment by spoilage micro-organisms and microbes pathogenic to consumers. The impact of bruising and wounding can be reduced by cooling the product before processing.Strict temperature control after processing is also critical in reduction wound induced metabolic activity. Other techniques that substantially reduce damage include use of sapiently knives, maintenance, of stringent sanitary conditions and efficient washing and drying of cut surface. ? MICROBIAL RESPONSES The increasing demand of these minimally processed products represents for a challenge for researches and processors to make them stable and safe. The increased time and distance between processing and consumption may contribute to highe r risks of food borne illnesses.Although chemical and physical hazards specific to minimally processed and ready-to-eat fruits and vegetables beside in the main with microbial contaminants. Some of the microbial pathogens associated with fresh produced include Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella sp. , enteropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli, hepatitis A virus, etc. Intact fruits and vegetables are safe to eat partly because the surface of peel is an effective physical and chemical barrier to most organisms. In addition, if the peel is damaged, the acidity of the pulp prevents the growth of organisms (except acid tolerant fungi and acteria). On vegetables, in microflora is prevail by soil organisms. Erwinia and Pseudomonos usually have competitive advantage over other organisms that could potentially be harmful to humans. Changes in environmental conditions surrounding a product can result in substantive changes in micro flora. Risk of pathogenic bacteria increases With film packaging (high relative humidity and dispirited oxygen conditions). With packaging of products of low salt content and high cellular pH Storage of encase products at too high temperature.Microbial growth on minimally processed products can be controlled by Sanitation of all equipment and use of chlorinated water are standard approach Low temperature during and after processing generally retards microbial growth. Moisture increases microbial growth. Removal of wash or cleaning water by centrifugation or other methods are critical. Low pH Low oxygen and elevated carbon-di-oxide levels, often retards microbial growth. pic CELERY STICKS PINEAPPLE SHREDDED LETTUCE BROCCOLI FLORETS CARROT STICKS PELLED POTTATO DICED ONION MANGOES CHILLED PEACHES MELONS TRIMMED SPINACH JACKFRUITS

Reader’s Interest in The Crucible Essay

The crucible takes place in Salem, a small town in seventeenth century Massachusetts, where religion, fear and hysteria ultimately lead to the famous witchcraft trials in 1692. At the time The Crucible was produced, Senator Joseph McCarthy was in power as the chairman of the House Un-Ameri after part Activities Committee. Due to congress events and the paranoid hunting of pro-communists, The Crucible is seen to be a metaphor for the McCarthy era.Throughout The Crucible, Miller employs several techniques and makeup styles to create tension and suspense and to stimulate the au go badnces interest. The most important reason wherefore The Crucible retains the interest of the audience is because the plot throws a slow burning, yet consistent pace. Act iodin is a prime example of how information is released gradually and atmospherically. The very start of the play leaves us preoccupied to what has happened, with Parris praying over his inert daughter.This is a great method to grab the audiences attention nowadays as we argon in the dark right from the start, and naturally are curious about what has happened. As the act progresses, patches of information are revealed, but the uncertainty and contradiction present engages the audience as they are forced to decipher for themselves the truth at one point Abigail is denying all charges profusely We did dance, uncle, and when you leaped out of the provide so suddenly, Betty was frightened and then she fainted.And theres the whole of it. However, later, as former(a) charges are brought about, she concedes to them. This elan the story keeps momentum as well as suspense. Act 2 employs the same technique to maintain tension when Mary Warren comes home and the information in reference to the court is informed to us. Acts 3 and 4 stay true to this structure and a good example is in act 4 when butt invigilate is undecided over his confession, whether or not to sign it- No, it is not the same What others verbalize a nd what I sign to is not the same The audience is on tenterhooks, hoping he go out sign (or by chance not, in some cases). Another main element to The Crucible, which engrosses the audience, is the technique of prominent irony. In The Crucibles case, dramatic irony is where the audience is aware of something in the play that not all of the characters are. In The Crucible the dramatic irony is that we know that there is no witchcraft, and that Abigail and her friends are pretending, but most of the other characters confide it, or at least take advantage of it.Some of the characters must be left analphabetic in order to form a basis to the penning of hysteria and madness, but the idea of dramatic irony is so that it creates the ironic and incredulous situations, and involves the audience more proactively as they know what is going on. In act 1 we think that the girls lies forget be dismissed as they seem to us so ridiculous, but in Act 2 the true impact of the situation starts to take shape as information of arrests and trials is revealed.By Act 3 the original accusations have manifested into sheer madness which we, as the audience, can see, but the characters cannot. Act 4 does not utilize the tool quite as much as by then Abigail and her peers have unofficially been exposed. The dramatic irony concerning the presence of witchcraft helps to emphasise the theme of hysterical behaviour which, in that respect, has a larger impact on the audience and produces more kindle scenarios from the audiences 0point of view.Another example of dramatic irony is during Act 3 when Elizabeth Proctor is asked to formulate to the court her reasons for dismissing Abigail as her servant, unaware that John had just admitted his affair with her. This scene is perhaps the tensest in the immaculate play as the fate of Salem rested on Elizabeth confirming that Proctor was an adulterer. However, she lies and tells the court Proctor was not a lecher, not wanting to get him into t rouble. Excellency, it is a natural lie to tell This is say by Reverend Hale as he too is trying to stop this insanity, and the audience is in addition frustrated with the situation.Which is one of the key emotions that dramatic irony provokes to sustain the audiences attention- frustration. Our hopes that the situation impart be resolved and our almost angry views to some of the characters ignorance involves us in the plot and helps to share what John Proctor and some of the other characters must be feeling. In order to maintain the suspense and automated teller in-between acts, Miller makes incontestable to end the first 3 acts with suspense and cliff-hangers and Act 4 with a big finale.In the ultimate scenes of Act 1, the tension created throughout the start of the play reaches its climax with Abigail and the other Girls accusing various Salem citizens of witchcraft to relieve themselves of attention. Miller has chosen a fantastic musical mode to draw the Act to an unmistak eable close but still retaining the interest of the endorser it draws the events of the night together, satisfying the reader in one element, but has at the same time unleashed a larger and more complex crisis upon Salem, rousing the inquisitive eagerness experienced right from the very start of the play.Act 2 in like manner ends dramatically with Elizabeths arrest after Abigail utilizes Marys poppet to frame Elizabeth. As in Act 1, it draws the nights events to a satisfying climax with Elizabeths arrest, but also leaves the reader expectant of Act 3s events with Proctor and Mary planning to expose Abigail. My wife will never die for me I will bring your guts into your mouth but that goodness will not die for me This powerful sentence from Proctor gives the audience hope for Elizabeth and, at the same time, makes sure the audience knows that dramatic events are yet to come. Additional to suspense-filled endings, Miller employs the use of time lapses in-between acts in order to m aintain the pace. Between both Acts 1 and 2, and Acts 3 and 4, there is a significant time jump. This way it stops the plot from appearing too dragged out and makes sure that the suspense doesnt die down so the audiences interest is still at its peak.

Flow Past Aerofoil

ME2135E science laboratory Report Flow Past an Aerofoil by LIN SHAODUN Lab Group Date A0066078X 2B 10th Feb 2011 turn off OF CONTENTS EXPERIMENTAL entropy TABLE 1, 2, 3 2 GRAPH ? 4 GRAPH ? 5 GRAPH 6 exemplar CALCULATION 7 sermon 8 1 EXPERIMENTAL DATA Table 1 Coordinate of bosom Tapping Tapping No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Note Table 2 printing press Readings Manometer inclination Pressure Readings Pitot Pressure Static Pressure Atmospheric Pressure Atmospheric Temperature Stall tip At the end of the experiment 474 mm 497 mm 500 mm 29C (mm) 0. 0 2. 5 5. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 (mm) 0. 000 3. 268 4. 443 5. 853 7. 172 7. 502 7. 254 6. 617 5. 04 4. 580 3. 279 0 0. 025 0. 049 0. 098 0. 197 0. 295 0. 394 0. 492 0. 591 0. 689 0. 787 0 0. 032 0. 044 0. 058 0. 071 0. 074 0. 071 0. 065 0. 056 0. 045 0. 032 At the beginning of the experiment 474 mm 497 mm 500 mm 29C 2 Manometer Readings at various Tapping 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 478 489 494 501 505 506 506 505 502 501 500 496 478 48 4 492 498 500 502 502 500 499 499 495 475 478 486 494 497 499 500 498 498 498 493 476 475 480 488 493 495 498 496 496 498 486 540 532 528 522 518 516 514 507 503 502 509 562 550 546 526 522 518 514 508 504 502 495 523 520 520 518 517 516 516 515 515 515 498 516 514 515 516 515 514 514 512 513 514Table 3 Pressure Coefficients ( ) Free rate of turn tail Velocity v v v ( ) Reynolds Number 3 Coefficients at various Tapping 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 -0. 956 -0. 478 -0. 261 0. 043 0. 217 0. 261 0. 261 0. 217 0. 087 0. 043 0. 000 -0. 174 -0. 956 -0. 696 -0. 348 -0. 087 0. 000 0. 087 0. 087 0. 000 -0. 043 -0. 043 0. 783 -1. 087 -0. 956 -0. 609 -0. 261 -0. 130 -0. 043 0. 000 -0. 087 -0. 087 -0. 087 2. 174 -1. 043 -1. 087 -0. 869 -0. 522 -0. 304 -0. 217 -0. 087 -0. 174 -0. 174 -0. 087 -0. 609 1. 739 1. 391 1. 217 0. 956 0. 783 0. 696 0. 609 0. 304 0. 130 0. 087 0. 391 2. 695 2. 74 2. 000 1. 130 0. 956 0. 783 0. 609 0. 348 0. 174 0. 087 -0. 217 1. 000 0. 869 0. 869 0. 783 0. 739 0. 696 0. 696 0. 652 0. 652 0. 652 -0. 087 0. 696 0. 609 0. 652 0. 696 0. 652 0. 609 0. 609 0. 522 0. 565 0. 609 GRAPH ? 3. 0 2. 5 2. 0 1. 5 CPL , mainframe computer against X/C 4 Cpl 3. 0 2. 5 CPL , CPU against X/C 8 Cpl processor 2. 0 1. 5 Cpu CPL ,CPU CPL ,CPU 1. 0 0. 5 0. 0 -0. 5 -1. 0 -1. 5 0. 0 0. 1 0. 2 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 0. 6 0. 7 0. 8 0. 9 1. 0 1. 0 0. 5 0. 0 -0. 5 X/C -1. 0 -1. 5 0. 0 0. 1 0. 2 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 0. 6 0. 7 0. 8 X/C 0. 9 1. 0 Area = 0. 437 Area = 0. 813 4 3. 2. 5 2. 0 1. 5 CPL , CPU against X/C 12 3. 0 2. 5 CPL , CPU against X/C 16 Cpl Cpu 2. 0 1. 5 Cpl Cpu CPL ,CPU CPL ,CPU X/C 0. 0 0. 1 0. 2 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 0. 6 0. 7 0. 8 0. 9 1. 0 1. 0 0. 5 0. 0 -0. 5 -1. 0 -1. 5 1. 0 0. 5 0. 0 -0. 5 -1. 0 -1. 5 0. 0 0. 1 0. 2 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 0. 6 0. 7 0. 8 X/C 0. 9 1. 0 Area = 0. 858 GRAPH ? Area = 0. 729 3. 0 2. 5 2. 0 1. 5 CPF , cardiopulmonary resuscitation against Y/C 4 Cpf Cpr 3. 0 2. 5 2. 0 1. 5 CPF , CPR against Y/C 8 Cpf Cpr CPF ,CPR 1. 0 0. 5 0. 0 -0. 5 -1. 0 CPU ,CPR Y/C 1. 0 0. 5 0. 0 -0. 5 -1. 0 Y/C -1. 5 -0. 10 -0. 08 -0. 06 -0. 4 -0. 02 0. 00 0. 02 0. 04 0. 06 0. 08 0. 10 -1. 5 -0. 10 -0. 08 -0. 06 -0. 04 -0. 02 0. 00 0. 02 0. 04 0. 06 0. 08 0. 10 Area = 0. 032 Area = 0. 079 5 3. 0 2. 5 2. 0 CPF , CPR against Y/C 12 Cpf Cpr 3. 0 2. 5 2. 0 1. 5 CPF , CPR against Y/C 16 Cpf Cpr 1. 5 CPL ,CPU CPL ,CPU Y/C 1. 0 0. 5 0. 0 1. 0 0. 5 0. 0 -0. 5 -1. 0 -0. 5 -1. 0 Y/C -1. 5 -0. 10 -0. 08 -0. 06 -0. 04 -0. 02 0. 00 0. 02 0. 04 0. 06 0. 08 0. 10 -1. 5 -0. 10 -0. 08 -0. 06 -0. 04 -0. 02 0. 00 0. 02 0. 04 0. 06 0. 08 0. 10 Area = -0. 038 GRAPH Area = -0. 053 0. 437 0. 813 0. 858 0. 729 0. 32 0. 079 -0. 038 -0. 053 0. 434 0. 794 0. 847 0. 715 0. 062 0. 191 0. 141 0. one hundred fifty 0. 439 0. 877 1. 316 1. 755 1. 8 1. 6 1. 4 1. 2 Cl Cd CL , CD against ? CL,CD, 2 1. 0 0. 8 0. 6 0. 4 0. 2 0. 0 2*Pi*a -0. 2 0. 0 2. 0 4. 0 6. 0 8. 0 ? 10. 0 12. 0 14. 0 16. 0 6 SAMPLE CALCULATION The sample calculation is based on Tapping 2 & Table 1 Coordinate of Pressure Tappin g Table 3 Pressure Coefficients 1. Air Density at 29C ( ) ( ) 2. Free Stream Velocity v v v ( ) 3. Reynolds Number 4. Pressure Coefficient ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 5. Lift and Drag Coefficient 7 DISCUSSION 1.Plot CL and CD against Please refer to Page 6. on the same graph. 2. Compare the experimentally metrical CL with the Thin Aerofoil Theory prediction of . Discuss the similarity and discrepancy observed. The graph shows at small attack angle (4 and 8), the measured Lift coefficient is quite close to theoretical predicted survey , this is because at small attack angle, contrast stream flows a yearn the open surface smoothly without flow separation, which fulfills the basic assumption of Thin Aerofoil Theory, hence the experimental result matches with theoretical value well.When bring forward increase attack angle, the streamline become highly curved, until at certain angle the streamline is no longer attached to the surface surface and flow separation is occurred, massive turbulence w ake appears on aerofoil upper surface, which greatly reduce the curve. At this moment aerofoil is actually blocking the air flow, hence the Lift coefficient is significantly reduced after reach Stall angle, and can no long follow the theoretical predicted value . 3.What would you expect the empty and drag haul to be when At , since the 0015 aerofoil is symmetrical, the twinge on upper and lower surface of aerofoil is the same, hence it will not come any lift force. The of 0015 aerofoil is 0. 0147 at (when Re=80000), so there is small drag force even at 8 4. Does the why. which you have obtained gives the total drag on the aerofoil? Explain innate Drag of aerofoil is contributed by Parasite Drag and Induced Drag, the Parasite Drag is related to , charm Induce drag is a byproduct of lift.Induce drag is a drag force occurs when aerofoil redirects the flow of air coming at it. Refer to below plat, the lift force is normal to chord of aerofoil, when decompose the lift force to ho rizontal and vertical component, the horizontal component , which is in the same direction of drag. 5. Explain from the hale distribution why there is a lift force. Using as example, the pressure distribution diagram shows the lower surface of aerofoil has lesser pressure drop ? igher pressure, while upper surface of aerofoil has much higher pressure drop, result in lower pressure. The integration of pressure drop along the aerofoil is the orbital cavity under the curve, which represents force in a unit length of aerofoil, compare the area enclosed for upper and lower surface, we can see the there is a resultant lift force produced. 3. 0 2. 5 2. 0 1. 5 CPL , CPU against X/C 8 Cpl Cpu CPL ,CPU 1. 0 0. 5 0. 0 -0. 5 -1. 0 -1. 5 0. 0 0. 1 0. 2 0. 3 0. 0. 5 0. 6 0. 7 0. 8 0. 9 1. 0 X/C 9 6. Comment on the pressure distribution on the aerofoil when stall is reached. Using as example, when stall angle is reached, the pressure drop of upper surface become insignificant due to massive tur bulent wake, hence the lift force is greatly reduce and stall happens. 3. 0 2. 5 2. 0 1. 5 CPL , CPU against X/C 16 Cpl Cpu CPL ,CPU 1. 0 0. 5 0. 0 -0. 5 -1. 0 -1. 5 0. 0 0. 1 0. 2 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 0. 6 0. 7 0. 8 X/C 0. 9 1. 0 10

Influence of American Culture on the Rest of the World Essay

Influence of American Culture on the Rest of the World - Essay ExampleAmerican style of dressing was distinctly k immediatelyn for its simplicity and casualness. Now we see the whole public dressing up like that. People, all across the world, instanter prefer to wear American brands. For example, Nike, which is an American brand, right away has its market all over the world. People without delay dress for convenience. They wear traditional clothes and costumes on rituals but on normal days, they go for blue jeans and Hesperian wear which is again American vogue of dressing. Levi Strauss, a San Francisco based producer of jeans, introduced the idea of jeans as indestructible clothing, and now there is hardly any adept in this world who does not score a blue jean in their wardrobe. In 1993 Levi Strauss operated 700 plants in 60 countries making 200 different styles of blue jeans alone (New Internationalist, 1998). American designers such as Ralph Lauren, Calvin Klein, Liz Cla iborne and many more are now gaining popularity in the world market.Another way how American Culture has influenced the world is through telecasting. American channels are broadcasted all over the world either in English or translated. Every house, all over the world, now has easy inlet to these channels which promotes American culture. American television shows are watched all over the world and people turn over fans of the actors. ... These channels and movies retain influenced countries all over the world. Soaps, late night television shows and reality shows which were once what Americas television was known for is now a part of television channels all over the world. Americas Next draw Model, American Idol, Deal or No Deal, So You think You can Dance and Who Wants to be a Millionaire are some shows which have influenced the world to such an extent that similar shows are being produced in countries all over the world.FoodFast food was a definite feature of American Food. McD onalds, Burger King, TGIF. All of these once utilise to be what only the Americans used to eat. But this has also changed. All the names mentioned above now have franchises worldwidely. Antarctica is the only continent without McDonald and it has over 30,000 locations all over the world. (Associated Content, 2006). People all over the world now think of fast food as cheap and convenient which is why it is getting so popular.However, lately, the Americans have realized the importance of diet and healthy food. People all over the world are now following them by understanding the importance of organic food and changing their eating habits. Starbucks Coffee which was one a distinct characteristic of the American lifestyle is now recognized and is gaining popularity at a global level. Lastly, because of how time is changing, people from all over the world are learning from Americans and Microwave Food is gaining popularity end-to-end the world. Language English was basically the langu age for the British but since the American culture is a commingle of a lot of cultures from all over the world, it became the language for Americans as well. Now we see that the world has started to contain

Marketing plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Marketing plan - Assignment Examplehis has been significant in enabling the business to aver high quality products at low costs, an aspect that made it possible for the business to retain its warlike advantage in the market.The goals and objectives are in line with the firms mission that is to bring the better computing knowledge to students, professionals, and consumers across the world, with being innovative in a way that builds its hardware, software, and internet ads. With the increasing level of competition in the market, the fraternity goals acts as a guide in ensuring that it satisfies the tastes and preferences of the hindquarters market. This is through ensuring that it incorporates the interests of the target market in the production process.Apple Inc is active in developing pertly products. This is to satisfy the varying interests of the customers. Different product lines have been developed with the aim of reducing the risks and uncertainties associated with conce ntrating on a single product. The company has also distinctiated its products. Through innovation and branding, the companys products are anomalous compared to those of the competitors. This aspect has been significant in ensuring that customers remain loyal to the products despite the market being flooded with different substitutes. It has also developed a strong brand name. This is through intensive advertising in the handed-down and modern media.The company has been able to create awareness on the existence of its products and services in the market. This has been achieved through personal selling, sales promotion, public relations, direct marketing, and advertising (Hassan 12). Furthermore, the company has intensified its use of social media in order to understand different aspects that affect the consumer behaviors of the target market. This has played a significant role in enabling the firm to reach a large market at very low costs.The company uses skimming and premium pric ing strategies in order to penetrate new

ENGL WEEK 1 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

ENGL workweek 1 - Assignment ExampleThe similarities of these two types of writings is that they both are effective when it comes to communicating something clearly enough to the audience it is meant for (Ellis, et al, 45). The main similarity that they also tend to share is that they all require the competency in grammar for proper written communication. Due to official setting that both academic work and crease work require, it is then necessary to deduce that there is requirement for the written communication to be suitable in order to avoid issues that may arise regarding misinformation.There are also differences that can be pointed out as far as these two types of writings are concerned. The first is that students write with the aspiration of learning whereby in business, writers has the intention to get work done. In scholarly material, the writing is done to shew to which level learning has been accomplished whereby in business setting the writing is to prompt some grad e of action to be undertaken by the relevant bodies concerned. The instructor prompts scholarly work whereas business writing is for the interlinking groups or people that correlate with the company in the likeness of the stakeholders. The content of business writing is ground on the thesis of the work provided by the student instructor whereas the in business scenario only what is intend for the audience is included in writing and everything else is added in the